Lisbon: A timeless destination

Lisbon, Portugal's sun-drenched capital, is a city of charm, history and vibrant culture. Its timeless appeal is woven into its cobblestone streets, iconic yellow trams and the sweet scent of fresh pastéis de nata. Whether you visit in the blossoming spring, lively summer, golden autumn or mild winter, Lisbon has something magical to offer every traveler.

A Journey Through Lisbon’s History

Lisbon’s story is as captivating as its panoramic views. Believed to be one of the oldest cities in Western Europe, its origins stretch back to the Phoenicians around 1200 BCE, who established a settlement along the Tagus River for trade. The city’s name may even derive from the Phoenician word “Allis Ubo” meaning safe harbor.

The Romans arrived in 205 BCE, naming the settlement Felicitas Julia Olissipo. Under Roman rule, Lisbon thrived as a hub of commerce and culture. Aqueducts, roads and baths were built and the city’s importance in the Roman Empire grew. This prosperity continued until the decline of this empire, when the Visigoths took control in the 5th century.

In 711 CE, the Moors from North Afrika conquered Lisbon, bringing with them Islamic culture, architecture and advancements in science and technology. They named the city Al-Ushbuna. During their rule, Lisbon flourished as a centre of learning and trade; remnants of this era can still be seen today in the winding streets of Alfama and the intricate patterns of Lisbon’s azulejos (ceramic tiles).

The Cristian reconquest of Lisbon in 1147, led by King Alfonso I with help of crusaders, marked a turning point. The city became an essential part of the newly established Kingdom of Portugal. By the 13th century, Lisbon was declared the nation’s capital.

The city’s golden era came during the Age of Discoveries in the 15th and 16th centuries, when explorers like Vasco da Gama set sail from Lisbon, opening up new worlds. New trade routes to India, Africa and Brazil were created and the city became the heart of a vast maritime empire, bringing wealth, spices, gold and cultural exchanges. Iconic landmarks like the Belém Tower and the Jerónimos Monastery stand as testaments to this era of exploration and prosperity.

On November 1, 1755, disaster struck Lisbon in the form of a massive earthquake, followed by a tsunami and fires that devastated much of the city. This catastrophic event claimed tens of thousands of lives and destroyed nearly 85% of Lisbon’s buildings. Under the leadership of the Prime Minister, the Marquis of Pombal, the city was rebuilt with modern urban planning. The downtown area, known as the Baixa Pombaline, features wide streets and earthquake resistant architecture, reflecting Pombal’s innovative vision.

By the 19th and 20th centuries, Lisbon continued to evolve, experiencing waves of cultural and architectural changes. The 1974 Carnation Revolution peacefully ended decades of authoritarian rule, ushering in a democratic era for Portugal. Today Lisbon is a vibrant blend of its rich history and a thriving modern culture, making it one of Europe’s most beloved capitals.

Lisbon’s rich past is palpable in its every corner, from the ancient walls of Sāo Jorge Castle to the bustling trade roots along the Tagus. This tapestry of history is what gives Lisbon its unique charm—a city that honors its storied past while embracing the future.

Lisbon’s must-sees

1. Belém Tower (Torre de Belém): this striking fortress on the Tagus River is a symbol of Lisbon's maritime heritage and a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

2. Jerónimos Monastery (Mosteiro dos Jerónimos): a magnificent monastery that houses the tomb of Vasco da Gama, showcasing late Gothic Manueline architecture.

3. Alfama District: the city’s oldest neighborhood is a labyrinth of narrow streets, traditional houses, and Fado music echoing from small taverns.

4. São Jorge Castle (Castelo de São Jorge): this historic castle offers stunning panoramic views of Lisbon from its hilltop perch.

5. Praça do Comércio: a grand square by the river, perfect for soaking in Lisbon's vibrant atmosphere and history.

Experiences you can’t miss:

1. Ride the Historic Tram 28: wind through Lisbon’s most picturesque neighborhoods aboard this iconic yellow tram.

2. Savor Pastéis de Belém: delight in these famous custard tarts at their original home in the Belém district.

3. Stroll Along the Tagus River: from the bustling Praça do Comércio to the MAAT museum, the riverfront is perfect for a relaxing walk.

4. Discover LX Factory: a creative hub for art, food, and culture, this trendy hotspot is a testament to Lisbon’s modern side.

Lisbon throughout the seasons

• Spring: as the city awakens, Lisbon is awash with fragrant blooms and warm sunshine, making it perfect for outdoor exploration. Like the cherry blossoms in Monsanto Forest Park, where you can enjoy nature’s beauty in a tranquil green space. In summer, Lisbon’s plazas buzz with locals sipping bica (espresso) and you’ll be able to witness traditional processions and savor seasonal treats like folar bread during the easter celebrations.

• Summer: summer in Lisbon means lively festivals, beach escapes and endless sunny days with temperatures often reaching 30°C (86°F). Festas de Lisboa in June fills the streets with parades, music and grilled sardines. You can take day trips to Sintra or Cascais and escape to these stunning beaches or the enchanting Pena Palace. After a day like that it’s perfect to unwind and watch the sunset with a drink and breathtaking views form a rooftop bar.

• Autumn: autumn offers milder temperatures and a peaceful ambiance, perfect for soaking in the city’s charm. This is also the wine season and perfect to explore Portuguese wines at tastings or nearby vineyards. The city has many viewpoints (miradouros), which are especially stunning in the soft autumn light. Don’t forget to try the chestnut roasts (magusto)—a seasonal treat sold at street-side cart.

• Winter: Lisbon’s winter is mild and cozy, with temperatures rarely dropping below 8°C (46°F). You’ll find unique gifts at the Christmas markets and enjoy festive treats in Praça do Comércio. Afterwards you can cozy up in Alfama’s taverns and experience Portugal’s soulful music tradition. In February, Lisbon lights up with colorful parades a lively celebrations because of carnival.

Did you know that…

… Lisbon has the oldest bookstore in the world. Livraria Bertrand, opened in 1732, still operates today.

… Lisbon is a city of seven hills. Like Rome, Lisbon’s hills provide countless stunning miradouros (viewpoints).

… there are azulejos everywhere. The city’s ceramic tiles are a signature feature, telling stories through intricate patterns.

Some words that might come in handy

When traveling, learning some basic words can truly enhance your experience. Making an effort to say a friendly “olá” or “bom dia” shows respect for the culture. It’s a simple gesture that can open doors, create smiles and help you connect more genuinely with locals.

In my opinion, the following words are good to learn when you’re traveling to any country:

• Olá (hello)

• Bom dia (good morning)

• Boa noite (good evening)

• Por favor (please)

• Obrigado/ muito obrigado (thank you/ thank you very much when your male)

• Obrigada/ muito obrigada (thank you/ thank you very much when your female)

• Saúde (cheers)

For this blog I’ll treat you with a view extra, frequently used words:

• Miradouro (viewpoint)

• Calçada (cobblestone pavement)

• Azulejos (ceramic tiles)

• Bairro (neighborhood)

• Saudade (a unique, soulful longing or nostalgia; perfectly captured in Fado music)

Lisbon is a city that enchants in every season, offering a mix of history, culture and unforgettable experiences. Whether you’re riding a tram in the spring, dancing at summer festivals, enjoying wine in the fall or cozying up with Fado music in winter, Lisbon promises to be a destination that stays in your heart forever.

Pack your bags—Lisboa is waiting to welcome you!